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Acronym
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Explanation
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Agenda 21
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Document adopted at the United Nations Conference
on Environment and Development (UNCED) in Rio de Janeiro (1992)
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b.
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billion (= 1,000 million)
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Baltic 21
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An initiative to develop an agenda 21 for
the Baltic Sea Region, adopted at a Conference of Ministers of Environment
at Stockholm/ Saltsjöbaden, and following a corresponding decision
taken by Baltic Sea States’ Prime Ministers at Visby in the framework
of CBSS in May 1996
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B21
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Baltic 21
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Baltic Sea Conference of Ministers of Culture
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Meetings in 1993 (Stockholm), 1995 (Tallinn),
1997 (Lübeck), 1999 (Gdansk) to promote cultural co-operation
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Baltic Sea Conference of Ministers of Economy
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Meetings in 1995 (Helsinki), 1998 (Gdansk),
2000 (Bergen) to remove trade and investment barriers
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Baltic Sea Conference of Ministers of Energy
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Meeting in 1998 (Stavanger) to cooperate
with the Baltic Energy Task Force (EC); Baltic Energy Summit 1999 at Helsinki
to promote sustainable energy supply and pan-Baltic distribution networks
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Baltic Sea Conference of Ministers of Transport
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Meetings in 1992 (Szczecin), 1994 (Kaliningrad),
and 1997 (Berlin) to promote common transport infrastructure and transport
regulations
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BC
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Business Co-operation
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BCCA
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Baltic Sea Chambers of Commerce Association
(founded in 1992, located at Kiel, involving 52 Chambers of Commerce around
the BS to promote enterprise co-operation and remove trade barriers)
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BEAC
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Barents Euro-Arctic Council
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BEATA
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Barents Euro-Arctic Transport Area
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BPF
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Border Project Facility
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BPO
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Baltic Ports Organization, founded in 1991,
located at Copenhagen, comprising 40 ports of the BSR, to promote sea
transport and port development
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BS
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Baltic Sea
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BSA
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Baltic Sea Alliance (founded 1996 by BCCA,
BSSSC and UBC, supported by Baltic Institute of Finland; located at Kalmar,
to develop an information network on the BSR)
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BSPF
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Baltic Small Project Facility
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BSR
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Baltic Sea Region
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BSS
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Baltic Sea States
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BSSSC
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Baltic Sea States Subregional Co-operation
(co-operation of 162 regions from the BSS to discuss co-operation projects
and to participate in BSR action programs); founded in 1993, location
Bornholm/ Kiel
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BTC
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Baltic Tourism Commission, created in 1983,
located at Norrköping/ Sweden; co-operation of organisations, associations,
agencies and enterprises from the tourism sector to promote co-operation
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CAP
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Common Agricultural Policy (of the EU)
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CBC
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Cross Border Co-operation
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CBSS
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Council of Baltic Sea States (co-operation
of 10 Baltic Sea States founded in 1992)
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CBUR
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Conference of Baltic University Rectors,
founded in 1990, located at Kiel
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CEC
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Central European Countries
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CEE
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Central and Eastern Europe
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CEEC
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Central and Eastern European Countries
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CEMAT
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European Conference of Ministers responsible
for Regional Planning
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CPMR
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Conference of Peripheral
Maritime Regions of Europe
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CSD/ BSR
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Committee on Spatial Development of the Baltic
Sea Region
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CIP
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Community Initiative Programme
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CIS
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Commonwealth of Independent States
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Convention on Biological Diversity
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adopted in 1992 to
reverse loss of biological and genetic resources. Periodic reports required
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Crete Corridors
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see Helsinki corridors
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EBRD
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European Bank for Reconstruction and Development
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E-BSR
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Eastern Baltic Sea Region, defined here as
BSR areas of transition countries: Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia,
Belarus, Russia
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EC
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European Commission
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ECE
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Economic Commission for Europe
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EEA
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European Environment Agency
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EEA
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European Economic Area
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EfE
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Environment for Europe
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EFTA
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European Free Trade Agreement
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EIA
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Environment Impact Assessment
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EIB
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European Investment Bank
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EIC
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Euro-Info Centres
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EICC
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Euro Info Correspondence Centres
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EMEP
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Co-operative programme for monitoring and
evaluation of the long range transmission of air pollutants in Europe
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EP
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European Parliament
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ERDF
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European Regional Development Fund
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ESDP
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European Spatial Development Perspective
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ESPON
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European Spatial Planning Observatory Network
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Espoo Convention
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Convention on transboundary
EIA adopted in Espoo, Finland, 1991; in force since 1995 specifying procedural
rights and duties for mutual involvement of countries
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EU
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European Union
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EUREGIO
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European Region
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FDI
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Foreign Direct Investment
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FFH
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Flora-Fauna-Habitat EU Directive
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GDP
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Gross Domestic Product
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GIS
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Geographical Information System
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HELCOM
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Helsinki Commission, founded in 1980 to protect
and improve the BS environment; located at Helsinki
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Helsinki Corridors
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Multi-modal transport corridors linking the
EU with Central and Eastern European countries, adopted at the Third Pan-European
Transport Conference in Helsinki (predecessor: Crete Corridors)
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IASC
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International Arctic Science Committee
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IBSFC
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International Baltic Sea Fishery Commission
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ICE
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Inter-city Express Train
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ICZM
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Integrated Coastal Zone Management
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ICZMP
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Integrated Coastal Zone Management Plan
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IEA
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International Energy Agency
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IFI
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International Financial Institution
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IMF
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International Monetary Fund
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INTAS
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International Association for the Promotion
of Co-operation with Scientists for the NIS
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Interreg
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Inter Regional Co-operation Programme of
the EU
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ISPA
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Instrument for Structural Policies for Pre-accession
(created by the EU)
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ITU
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International Telecommunications Union
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JCP
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Joint Comprehensive Environment Action Programme
(of HELCOM)
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LIFE
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L’Instrument Financier pour Environnement
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m.
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million
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MATROS
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Development of the maritime transportation
system in the BSR from a spatial development perspective (a project initiated
by VASAB)
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MLW
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Management of Coastal Lagoons and Wetlands
(of HELCOM)
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Montreal Protocol
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Protocol on Substances
that Deplete the Ozone Layer (1989 with later strengthening); ODS = Ozone-depleting
substances
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MS
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Member State
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ND
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Northern Dimension
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NEFCO
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Nordic Environment Funding Co-operation
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NGO
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Non Governmental Organisation
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NICE
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Nitrogen cycle and effects on the oxidation
of atmospheric trace species at high latitudes.
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NIS
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New Independent States
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Nordic Council
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Co-operation of Parliaments and Governments
of Nordic States and organisations (Denmark, Finland, Norway, Sweden,
Aland, Greenland), founded in 1952, located in Copenhagen
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NPP
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Nuclear Power Plant
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OECD
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Organisation for Economic Co-operation and
Development
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OP
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Operational Programme
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OPC
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Operational Committee
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PCA
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Partnership and Co-operation Agreement
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PETN
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Pan-European Transport Network (the extension
of TEN to CEEC)
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PETRA
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Pan European Transport Area
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PHARE
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Poland and Hungary: Action for economic restructuring
(later extended to other CEEC)
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PITF
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Programme Implementation Task Force (of HELCOM)
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Pro Baltica Forum
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Private-public partnership founded in 1993
to promote European integration of Baltic States and to promote economic
co-operation in the BSR, located at Hamburg
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R & D
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Research and Development
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Ramsar Convention
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Convention on Wetlands
of international importance, adopted in Ramsar (Iran) 1971
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RTD
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Research and Technical Development
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SAPARD
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Special Accession Programme for Agriculture
Rural Development
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SF
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Finland
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SME
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Small and Medium Sized Enterprises
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SOG
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Senior Officials Group (e.g. in Baltic21)
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SuPortNet
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Sustainable Development of a Network of Ports
for Boat Tourism (an InterregIIC – Phare – Tacis funded project initiated
by VASAB)
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SWEBALTCOP
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Sweden Baltic Sea Co-operation
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SWOT
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Strength – Weaknesses – Opportunities – Threats
analysis
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Tacis
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Technical Assistance Commonwealth of Independent
States
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TAIEX
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Technical Assistance Information Exchange
Programme
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TEMPUS
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Programme Trans-Européen de Coopération
de l’Enseignement
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TEN
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Trans-European Networks in the fields of
transport, communications and energy
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TETN
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Trans-European Transport Networks
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TINA
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Transport Infrastructure Needs Assessment
in Central Europe (launched by the EU Commission in the framework of accession
preparations)
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TSPF
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TACIS Small Scale Project Facility
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UBC
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Union of Baltic Cities (co-operation of 86
cities – status Oct. 1999 - around the BS founded in 1991), location Kalmar
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UNCED
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United Nations Conference on Environment
and Development
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UNFCCC
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United Nations Framework
Convention on Climate Change (1992) to stabilise greenhouse gas concentrations;
initial emission reduction commitments agreed in Kyoto, 1997; national
reports shall document national emission policies
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USUN
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Urban System and Urban Networking (InterregIIC
project)
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VASAB
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Vision and Strategies around the Baltic Sea
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VBSD
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Via Baltica Spatial Development Zone project
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VET
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Vocational Education Training
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W-BSR
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Western Baltic Sea Region, defined here as
BSR areas of Denmark, Finland, Sweden, Norway and Germany
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WTO
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World Trade Organisation
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WWF
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World Wide Fund for Nature
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